Plz tell me relation between artificial intelligence & language translator in detail for assignments?

plz tell me relation between artificial intelligence %26amp; language translator in detail for assignments. plz tell me about web sites from where i can get detailPlz tell me relation between artificial intelligence %26amp; language translator in detail for assignments?
The modern definition of artificial intelligence (or AI) is "the study and design of intelligent agents" where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions which maximizes its chances of success. John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1956, defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines." Other names for the field have been proposed, such as computational intelligence, synthetic intelligence or computational rationality.



The term artificial intelligence is also used to describe a property of machines or programs: the intelligence that the system demonstrates. Among the traits that researchers hope machines will exhibit are reasoning, knowledge, planning, learning, communication, perception and the ability to move and manipulate objects.[6] General intelligence (or "strong AI") has not yet been achieved and is a long-term goal of AI research





List of applications

Typical problems to which AI methods are applied



鈥?Pattern recognition

o Optical character recognition

o Handwriting recognition

o Speech recognition

o Face recognition

Artificial Creativity

鈥?Computer vision, Virtual reality and Image processing

鈥?Diagnosis (artificial intelligence)

鈥?Game theory and Strategic planning

鈥?Game artificial intelligence and Computer game bot

鈥?Natural language processing, Translation and Chatterbots





Other fields in which AI methods are implemented

鈥?Artificial life

鈥?Automated reasoning

鈥?Automation

鈥?Biologically-inspired computing

鈥?Colloquis

鈥?Concept mining

鈥?Data mining

鈥?Knowledge representation

鈥?Semantic Web

鈥?E-mail spam filtering

鈥?Robotics

o Behavior-based robotics

o Cognitive

o Cybernetics

o Developmental robotics

o Epigenetic robotics

o Evolutionary robotics

鈥?Hybrid intelligent system

鈥?Intelligent agent

鈥?Intelligent control

鈥?Litigation





Language Translators



Translation is the interpretation of the meaning of a text in one language (the "source text") and the production, in another language (the "target language"), of an equivalent text (the "target text," or "translation") that communicates the same message.



Translation must take into account constraints that include context, the rules of grammar of the two languages, their writing conventions, and their idioms.



Traditionally translation has been a human activity, though attempts have been made to computerize or otherwise automate the translation of natural-language texts (machine translation) or to use computers as an aid to translation (computer-assisted translation).



Perhaps the most common misconception about translation is that there exists a simple "word-for-word" correspondence between any two languages, and that translation is therefore a straightforward mechanical process. On the contrary, every language is a historically-evolved self-contained system, and historically-determined differences between languages may dictate differences of expression.



Strict "word-for-word," "literal" translation is impossible because of differences, among languages, in grammatical structure, etymologies and idioms. It is impossible also because, in any given language, most words carry more than one meaning, depending on context; and, conversely, a given meaning may often be conveyed using any of a number of distinct words or phrases. Translation is thus fraught with uncertainties.



Natural language processing (NLP) is a subfield of artificial intelligence and computational linguistics. It studies the problems of automated generation and understanding of natural human languages.



Natural-language-generation systems convert information from computer databases into normal-sounding human language. Natural-language-understanding systems convert samples of human language into more formal representations that are easier for computer programs to manipulate.